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Что (кто) такое multiprocessing$505020$ - определение

Cellular MultiProcessing

cellular multiprocessing

<architecture, parallel> (CMP) The partitioning of processors into separate computing environments running different operating systems. The term cellular multiprocessing appears to have been coined by Unisys, who are developing a system where computers communicate as clustered machines through a high speed bus, rather than through communication protocols such as TCP/IP. The Unisys system is based on Intel processors, initially the Pentium II Xeon and moving on to the 64-bit Merced processors later in 1999. It will be scalable from four up to 32 processors, which can be clustered or partitioned in various ways. For example a sixteen processor system could be configured as four Windows NT systems (each functioning as a four-processor symmetric multiprocessing system), or an 8-way NT and 8-way Unix system. Supported operating systems will be Windows NT, SCO's Unixware 7.0, Unisys' SVR4 Unix and possibly the OS2200 and MCP-AS mainframe operating systems (with the assistance of Unisys' own dedicated chipset). http://marketplace.unisys.com/ent/cmp.html. (1998-09-09)

Multiprocessing Services

In computing, Multiprocessing Services is a component of the Classic Mac OS and the retired Carbon API allowing programs to perform work across multiple preemptively scheduled threads of execution.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiprocessing_Services

Symmetric multiprocessing

MULTIPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE WHERE TWO OR MORE IDENTICAL PROCESSORS ARE CONNECTED TO A SINGLE, SHARED MAIN MEMORY, HAVE FULL ACCESS TO ALL INPUT AND OUTPUT DEVICES, AND ARE CONTROLLED BY A SINGLE OS THAT TREATS ALL PROCESSORS EQUALLY

Symmetrical multi processor; Symmetric multiprocessor; 12-way; Symmetric Multi-Processor; Eight-way server; N-Way Workstation/Server; N-Way; N-way; Symmetrical multiprocessors; Symmetrical multiprocessing; Symmetric Multi-Processing; Symmetric multiprocessor system; Symmetric Multiprocessor; Symmetric Myltiprocessor System; Smp - symmetric multiprocessor; SMP - Symmetric Multiprocessor System; SMP – Symmetric Multiprocessor System; Symmetric Multiprocessor System; Multicore system; Variable symmetric multiprocessing; Symmetric multi-processing; Symmetrical multiprocessor; Shared-memory multiprocessing

Symmetric multiprocessing or shared-memory multiprocessing (SMP) involves a multiprocessor computer hardware and software architecture where two or more identical processors are connected to a single, shared main memory, have full access to all input and output devices, and are controlled by a single operating system instance that treats all processors equally, reserving none for special purposes. Most multiprocessor systems today use an SMP architecture.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_multiprocessing

Википедия

Cellular multiprocessing

Cellular multiprocessing is a multiprocessing computing architecture designed initially for Intel central processing units from Unisys, a worldwide information technology consulting company.

It consists of the partitioning of processors into separate computing environments running different operating systems. Providing up to 32 processors that are crossbar connected to 64GB of memory and 96 PCI cards, a CMP system provides mainframe-like architecture using Intel CPUs. CMP supports Windows NT and Windows 2000 Server, AIX, Novell NetWare and UnixWare and can be run as one large SMP system or multiple systems with variant operating systems.

There is a concept of creating CPU Partitions in CMPs, e.g. one can create a full partition of 32 processors, Or one can create two partitions of 16 processors each, these two partitions will be visible to the OS installed as two machines. Similarly for 32 processors it is possible to create 32 partitions at max each having a single CPU. Unisys' CMP is the only server architecture to take full advantage of Microsoft's Windows 2000 Datacenter Server operating system's support for 32 processors.

In case of LINUX/UNIX OS the CMP technology is proven to be very best, whereas in case of Windows 2003 Servers installations, there are certain limits for partitions having number of CPUs, like for a windows 2003 installation the maximum CPU in a partition can only be 4, if more CPUs are assigned severe performance degrade are observed. Even on 8 CPU partition the performance is comparable to the performance of a 2 processors partition.

A CMP subpod contains four x86 or Itanium CPUs, which connect through a third-level memory cache to the crossbar. Each crossbar supports two subpods, two direct I/O bridges (DIBs) and can connect to four memory storage units (MSUs).

Unisys is also providing CMP server technology to Compaq, Dell, Hewlett-Packard and ICL, under OEM agreements.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular multiprocessing